![]() ![]() Dementia is not limited to 'Western' nations and an increasing prevalence is particularly marked in countries such as China and India ( Ferri 2005). Changes in population demographics will result in increased absolute and proportional numbers of older adults and will be accompanied by increases in dementia incidence and prevalence, albeit the extent of this increase is debated ( Matthews 2013). If IQCODE were to be used on its own for assessing large populations of older adults, it would label many people with dementia who do not have the disease and also miss the diagnosis in a substantial proportion.ĭementia is a substantial and growing public health concern ( Ferri 2005). Depending on the case definition employed, contemporary estimates of dementia prevalence in the United States are in the range of 2.5 to 4.5 million individuals ( Hebert 2003). Dementia is predominantly a disease of older adults, with a 5% prevalence in adults aged over 60 years, increasing to up to 50% in adults aged over 85 years ( Ferri 2005). The overall accuracy of IQCODE was reasonable although not perfect. We compared two forms of IQCODE questionnaire and found that a short form with fewer questions was just as accurate as the original longer questionnaire. We found eleven studies that tested diagnostic accuracy of IQCODE in community dwelling individuals, we were able to combine their findings to give a summary result. We searched differing databases of published research for all papers relating to the accuracy of IQCODE for selecting those with dementia. Various methods of this collateral interview are available and the most commonly used is the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). A potential strategy is to interview friends or family of the subject to assess for change in function or cognition. Early diagnosis of dementia is recommended but there is no agreement on the best approach or how non‐memory specialists should assess patients. Numbers of people with dementia and other cognitive problems are increasing globally. The quality of reporting was suboptimal particularly regarding timing of assessments and descriptors of reproducibility and inter‐observer variability.Ī structured collateral interview regarding cognition and function (the IQCODE) for assessment of possible dementia The majority of included papers had potential for bias, particularly around participant selection and sampling. ![]() Sensitivity analyses removing potentially unrepresentative populations in these studies made little difference to the pooled data estimates. There was substantial heterogeneity in the included studies. There was little difference in sensitivity across our predefined diagnostic cut‐points. Taking an IQCODE threshold of 3.3 (or closest available) the sensitivity was 0.80 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.85) specificity was 0.84 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.90) positive likelihood ratio was 5.2 (95% CI 3.7 to 7.5) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.23 (95% CI 0.19 to 0.29).Ĭomparative analysis suggested no significant difference in the test accuracy of the 16 and 26‐item IQCODE tests and no significant difference in test accuracy by language of administration. Using IQCODE cut‐offs commonly employed in clinical practice (3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6) the sensitivity and specificity of IQCODE for diagnosis of dementia across the studies were generally above 75%. We included 10 papers (11 independent datasets) representing data from 2644 individuals (n = 379 (14%) with dementia). From 16,144 citations, 71 papers described IQCODE test accuracy. ![]()
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